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Plate-Rich Plasma Therapy (PRP)

Orthopaedics

Plate-Rich Plasma Therapy (PRP) is an advanced regenerative treatment commonly used in orthopaedics. It involves drawing the patient’s own blood, processing it to concentrate the platelets, and injecting it into injured or degenerative areas to promote healing and tissue repair.

How PRP Works (Mechanism)

Platelets contain growth factors such as PDGF, TGF-β, and VEGF, which help:

Stimulate cell regeneration and tissue repair
Reduce chronic inflammation
Promote collagen synthesis and extracellular matrix repair
Enhance blood flow and local circulation

These effects help the body heal naturally, relieving pain and restoring function.

PRP is primarily used for chronic soft tissue injuries and early joint degeneration. Common conditions include:

Soft Tissue & Tendon Injuries	Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) Golfer’s elbow (medial epicondylitis) Plantar fasciitis Achilles tendinitis Patellar tendinitis (jumper’s knee)
Early Joint Degeneration	Early-stage knee osteoarthritis Mild degeneration in hip and shoulder joints
Sports Injuries	Partial ligament or tendon tears Muscle strains and chronic overuse injuries

Procedure

Blood draw: 10–30 ml of the patient's blood is collected
Centrifugation: Blood is spun to isolate platelet-rich plasma
Injection: PRP is injected into the affected area (often under ultrasound guidance)
Recovery: Rest for 2–3 days; gradual return to normal activity

Most patients receive 1 to 3 injections, spaced 2–4 weeks apart depending on condition.

Benefits of PRP Therapy

Uses autologous (your own) blood – very low risk of rejection or infection
Non-surgical alternative to pain management
May delay the need for joint replacement surgery
Reduces reliance on painkillers or steroid injections
Effective in tendon injuries and early arthritis cases
Fewer side effects than long-term steroid use

Limitations and Possible Side Effects

Limitations

Less effective for advanced (late-stage) joint degeneration
Results vary – not all patients see significant improvement
Evidence is still being developed for long-term outcomes

Possible Side Effects

Temporary soreness or swelling at injection site
Mild bruising or stiffness
Low risk of infection (extremely rare)
Rare: fever or fatigue

FAQ

PRP has been widely used in orthopaedics and sports medicine over the past decade and is now regarded as a mature regenerative therapy.

No. Steroids offer short-term inflammation relief but may damage tissue with repeated use. PRP aims to stimulate healing, offering longer-term benefits.

Usually, 2–3 days of rest is sufficient. Light activity may resume within a week depending on the treatment site and recovery progress.

Not suitable for patients who are pregnant, have blood disorders, active infections, or cancer. Doctor evaluation is essential before treatment.